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\data\alt\turcet
 Proto-Turkic Altaic etymology Meaning Russian meaning Old Turkic Karakhanid Turkish Tatar Middle Turkic Uzbek Uighur Sary-Yughur Azerbaidzhan Turkmen Khakassian Shor Oyrat Halaj Chuvash Yakut Dolgan Tuva Tofalar Kirghiz Kazakh Noghai Bashkir Balkar Gagauz Karaim Karakalpak Salar Kumyk Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"rk-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to be afraidface="Times New Roman Star"боятьсяface="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk-face="Times New Roman Star"u">rk-face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk- (Pav. C.), u"ru"k- (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"hu"rk-face="Times New Roman Star"u"rku"-face="Times New Roman Star"o"rk-face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk-face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk-face="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"k-
face="Times New Roman Star"u"rku"-face="Times New Roman Star"hirk-
face="Times New Roman Star"u"rg-u"t- 'to frighten'face="Times New Roman Star"u"rg-u"t- 'to frighten'

face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk-face="Times New Roman Star"u"rki>-face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk-face="Times New Roman Star"u">rk-face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk-face="Times New Roman Star"ju"ru"k-face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk-face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk-
face="Times New Roman Star"u"rk-face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 221, VEWT 522, ЭСТЯ 1, 635-637, Stachowski 253.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"ru"n| (*o"ru"n|)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 white 2 dawnface="Times New Roman Star"1 белый 2 рассветface="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"n| 1 (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"n| 1 (MK, KB)face="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"n 'milk, yoghurt'
face="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"n| (Sangl.) 1







face="Times New Roman Star"hirin, hu"ru"n 1
face="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"n| 1, o"ru"o"s, u"ru"o"s 'белая кайма на морде'face="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"n| 1

face="Times New Roman Star"u"ru"n| baran| 2








face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 233-4, Лексика 601, Stachowski 253.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"sku"r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to cough, sprinkle (from mouth)face="Times New Roman Star"кашлять, брызгать (ртом)

face="Times New Roman Star"o"ksu"r-
face="Times New Roman Star"o"ksu"r- (Houts., Pav. C.)


face="Times New Roman Star"o"sku"r-face="Times New Roman Star"u"sgu"r-face="Times New Roman Star"u"sku"r-

face="Times New Roman Star"e^.su"r-face="Times New Roman Star"u"z@r-








face="Times New Roman Star"u":su"r-face="Times New Roman Star"o"ksu"r-, o"ksir-


face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 376, ЭСТЯ 1, 637-638.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"t-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to singeface="Times New Roman Star"палить, опаливать
face="Times New Roman Star"u"t- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"u"t- (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"u">t-face="Times New Roman Star"u"t- (IM)


face="Times New Roman Star"u"t-face="Times New Roman Star"u"t-



face="Times New Roman Star"v@t-face="Times New Roman Star"u"t-



face="Times New Roman Star"u"jt-
face="Times New Roman Star"u">t-


face="Times New Roman Star"u"jt-

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 40, VEWT 524, ЭСТЯ 1, 640, TMN 2, 9-10.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u":k-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"to grind, crush, rubface="Times New Roman Star"молоть, крошить, растиратьface="Times New Roman Star"o"gi- ( ? u"-) (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"o"gi- ( ? u"-) (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"o"ju"t-, o"vu"t-face="Times New Roman Star"u"k- (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"u"gu"t- (AH)
face="Times New Roman Star"u"k- (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"u"ju"t- 2face="Times New Roman Star"u"vi-, u"vu"t- 2








face="Times New Roman Star"u"k-face="Times New Roman Star"u"k-


face="Times New Roman Star"u":t-
face="Times New Roman Star"u"k-, u"gi-

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 101-102, ЭСТЯ 1, 618-619. The root clearly has a *-k-, with a development > *-g- > *-g|- in Oghuz pointing to an original long vowel. It should be therefore distinguished from PT *o"g- 'to knead, press' which shows only reflexes of *-g-.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u":l/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"lynxface="Times New Roman Star"рысь
face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?ek (IM)face="Times New Roman Star"u"s?ek






face="Times New Roman Star"u"s (tab.)face="Times New Roman Star"u"sface="Times New Roman Star"u":s (dial. - Leb.)

face="Times New Roman Star"u":sface="Times New Roman Star"u"s-kis 'sable'face="Times New Roman Star"u"sface="Times New Roman Star"u"s









face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 523, Щербак 1961, 141, Рас. ФиЛ 239, Лексика 159, Stachowski 254. The irregular reflex of *l/ in some Siberian languages presupposes tabooistic interlingual borrowings (Tuva < Yak., Shor < Khak.? ).
face="Times New Roman Star"*u":nface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"sound, voiceface="Times New Roman Star"звук, голосface="Times New Roman Star"u"n (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"u"n (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"u"n
face="Times New Roman Star"u"n (Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"unface="Times New Roman Star"u"n
face="Times New Roman Star"u"nface="Times New Roman Star"u":nface="Times New Roman Star"u"n
face="Times New Roman Star"u"n



face="Times New Roman Star"u"n
face="Times New Roman Star"u"nface="Times New Roman Star"u"nface="Times New Roman Star"u"n
face="Times New Roman Star"u"n
face="Times New Roman Star"u"nface="Times New Roman Star"u"nface="Times New Roman Star"un
face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 167, ЭСТЯ 1, 625-626.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u":r/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"fatface="Times New Roman Star"жир
face="Times New Roman Star"u"z (MK)

face="Times New Roman Star"u"z (AH), o"z 'clinging mud' (Sangl.)




face="Times New Roman Star"u"sface="Times New Roman Star"u"sface="Times New Roman Star"u"s
face="Times New Roman Star"jor-var 'скоромная пища'face="Times New Roman Star"u"ska"l
face="Times New Roman Star"u"s 'liquid fat'face="Times New Roman Star"u"s 'liquid fat'









face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 278-279, VEWT 523, Мудрак Дисс. 154, Федотов 2, 491, Лексика 454-455. Chuv. va- points to a long *u":-.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u":r/ (/*o":r/)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"on top, high aboveface="Times New Roman Star"наверху, высоко надface="Times New Roman Star"u"ze / o"ze (Orkh., OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"u"ze (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"u"zer 'upper part'
face="Times New Roman Star"u"ze (Pav. C., Бор. Бад.)

face="Times New Roman Star"u"ze, u"ziface="Times New Roman Star"u"za"ri


face="Times New Roman Star"u"zeri
face="Times New Roman Star"vir (<*o">r/)face="Times New Roman Star"u":he, u"o"heface="Times New Roman Star"u"he, u"o"he











face="Times New Roman Star"A common Turkic derivative is *u"r/-t (with secondary vowel shortening): OT u"st, Turkm. u"st, Tat. o"s, Khal. ist etc. 'upper part'. See EDT 280-281, VEWT 523, 524, ЭСТЯ 1, 622-623, 638-639, Stachowski 249, 251, 255.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u":tface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"holeface="Times New Roman Star"дыраface="Times New Roman Star"u"t (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"u"t (MK)







face="Times New Roman Star"u"t
face="Times New Roman Star"u"tface="Times New Roman Star"hi:.t
face="Times New Roman Star"u":tface="Times New Roman Star"u":tface="Times New Roman Star"u"t
face="Times New Roman Star"u"t








face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 36, VEWT 524, ЭСТЯ 1, 639-640, Stachowski 255.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Vlagr/ynface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"pig, swineface="Times New Roman Star"свиньяface="Times New Roman Star"(y)lag|zyn (Orkh. - a cyclical sign), lag|zyn (OUygh.)



























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 764.
face="Times New Roman Star"{*bAla-pan}face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"large, thickface="Times New Roman Star"большой, толстый

face="Times New Roman Star"balabanface="Times New Roman Star"(dial.) balban



















face="Times New Roman Star"balabanface="Times New Roman Star"balaban


face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 2, 49-50.
face="Times New Roman Star"{*ebeface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"good

face="Times New Roman Star"yemet / evetface="Times New Roman Star"? evet 'yes, well'










face="Times New Roman Star"avan













face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 935.}
face="Times New Roman Star"{*Kob-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"delighted, goodface="Times New Roman Star"довольный, хороший
face="Times New Roman Star"kob kyldy 'he was delighted'






face="Times New Roman Star"Govy 'good'














face="Times New Roman Star"kuvan- 'to enjoy'


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 579. }
face="Times New Roman Star"{*Kok-}face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 to decrease, diminish 2 deficient, emptyface="Times New Roman Star"1 уменьшаться 2 недостаточный, пустойface="Times New Roman Star"qoq- 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qoq- 1, qoquz 2 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kokuz 2face="Times New Roman Star"qug|yz 2 (dial.)




face="Times New Roman Star"Govuz 2face="Times New Roman Star"xox- 1
face="Times New Roman Star"qoq- 1















face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 609, 614, ЭСТЯ 6, 35-36.
face="Times New Roman Star"{*o"n|u"k}face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"1 tails and ears of a cushion; fringe 2 buttonface="Times New Roman Star"1 завязки на подушке; бахрома 2 пуговица
face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|ik 1














face="Times New Roman Star"o":k 2face="Times New Roman Star"o":k 2









face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 183-184, ФиЛ 215.}
face="Times New Roman Star"{*sA>ky-}face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymologyface="Times New Roman Star"mirageface="Times New Roman Star"мираж
face="Times New Roman Star"saqyg| (MK), saqy- 'to appear faintly' (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"{}















face="Times New Roman Star"saqymface="Times New Roman Star"sag|ymface="Times New Roman Star"sag|ynface="Times New Roman Star"hag|yn


face="Times New Roman Star"sag|ym
face="Times New Roman Star"sag|ynface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 808, Лексика 22, ЭСТЯ 7. Cf. perhaps also Khak. sagyl- 'to emit rays'.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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